<p>Vernacular architecture has not been developed only due to the climate and environmental factors, but the culture, traditional materials and morphology (morphology) have been also effective. Despite the huge gap that exists between Iran and Egypt geographical locations, identifying similar native strategies influenced by Persian and Arabic culture and desert climate are possible. This paper presents a comparative study which investigates the patterns of sustainable architecture and passive strategies in both countries&rsquo; architecture. This comparison includes the design and planning, environmental recognition, construction materials, spatial analysis, and the effects of history and culture. The results of this research will help in understanding the passive solar strategy applied in both countries. Also, a set of proposals for the study of energy efficiency are presented.</p>